Oracle 23ai Compatibility Matrix

Oracle 23ai Compatibility Matrix

Comprehensive compatibility reference for HeliosDB’s Oracle 23ai implementation. This document provides detailed feature-by-feature compatibility information.

Table of Contents

• Overall Compatibility Summary
• SQL Language Support
• PL/SQL Support
• DBMS Packages
• Data Types
• Built-in Functions
• Advanced Features
• Known Limitations
• Behavioral Differences

---

Overall Compatibility Summary

Compatibility Level: 40-45%

HeliosDB implements foundational Oracle 23ai compatibility, focusing on the most commonly used features. The compatibility percentage represents features that work without code modification.

Category	Coverage	Status	Production Ready
Core SQL	65%	Production	Yes
DDL Statements	55%	Production	Yes
DML Statements	70%	Production	Yes
PL/SQL Core	40%	Beta	Limited
PL/SQL Packages	25%	Beta	No
DBMS Packages	30%	Partial	Limited
Hierarchical Queries	70%	Production	Yes
Analytic Functions	55%	Production	Yes
JSON Functions	50%	Production	Yes
XML Functions	20%	Alpha	No
Object Types	15%	Alpha	No
Collections	30%	Beta	Limited
Triggers	40%	Beta	Limited
Large Objects	45%	Beta	Limited

---

SQL Language Support

Data Definition Language (DDL)

Statement	Status	Coverage	Notes
CREATE TABLE	Supported	80%	Most options supported
CREATE TABLE AS SELECT	Supported	75%	Basic CTAS
ALTER TABLE	Supported	60%	Common alterations
DROP TABLE	Supported	90%	CASCADE, PURGE
TRUNCATE TABLE	Supported	85%	REUSE STORAGE partial
CREATE INDEX	Supported	65%	B-tree, basic bitmap
CREATE UNIQUE INDEX	Supported	70%
DROP INDEX	Supported	90%
CREATE VIEW	Supported	70%	WITH CHECK OPTION
CREATE OR REPLACE VIEW	Supported	70%
DROP VIEW	Supported	90%
CREATE MATERIALIZED VIEW	Partial	35%	Basic refresh only
CREATE SEQUENCE	Supported	75%	CACHE, NOCACHE
ALTER SEQUENCE	Supported	60%	Basic modifications
DROP SEQUENCE	Supported	90%
CREATE SYNONYM	Supported	60%	PUBLIC, PRIVATE
DROP SYNONYM	Supported	90%
CREATE TYPE	Partial	20%	Simple object types
CREATE PROCEDURE	Supported	50%	See PL/SQL section
CREATE FUNCTION	Supported	50%	See PL/SQL section
CREATE PACKAGE	Partial	30%	See PL/SQL section
CREATE TRIGGER	Partial	40%	Row-level triggers
CREATE CLUSTER	Not Supported	0%
CREATE CONTEXT	Not Supported	0%
CREATE DATABASE LINK	Not Supported	0%
CREATE DIRECTORY	Partial	30%	Limited I/O
COMMENT ON	Supported	80%
GRANT	Supported	55%	Basic privileges
REVOKE	Supported	55%	Basic privileges

Data Manipulation Language (DML)

Statement	Status	Coverage	Notes
SELECT	Supported	75%	See query features
INSERT	Supported	80%	Single and multi-row
INSERT ALL	Partial	40%	Conditional limited
INSERT FIRST	Partial	35%
UPDATE	Supported	80%
DELETE	Supported	85%
MERGE	Supported	60%	Basic merge operations
SELECT FOR UPDATE	Supported	65%	NOWAIT, WAIT n
LOCK TABLE	Partial	40%	Basic modes

Query Features

Feature	Status	Coverage	Notes
Basic SELECT	Supported	90%
WHERE clause	Supported	85%
ORDER BY	Supported	90%	NULLS FIRST/LAST
GROUP BY	Supported	85%
GROUP BY ROLLUP	Supported	60%
GROUP BY CUBE	Partial	45%
GROUP BY GROUPING SETS	Partial	40%
HAVING	Supported	85%
DISTINCT	Supported	90%
Table aliases	Supported	95%
Column aliases	Supported	95%
Subqueries	Supported	75%	Correlated supported
Scalar subqueries	Supported	70%
WITH clause (CTEs)	Supported	70%
Recursive CTEs	Partial	40%	Basic recursion
UNION	Supported	90%
UNION ALL	Supported	90%
INTERSECT	Supported	85%
MINUS	Supported	85%
INNER JOIN	Supported	90%
LEFT/RIGHT OUTER JOIN	Supported	90%
FULL OUTER JOIN	Supported	85%
CROSS JOIN	Supported	90%
NATURAL JOIN	Partial	50%
USING clause	Supported	80%
Oracle (+) syntax	Partial	60%	Prefer ANSI joins
FETCH FIRST n ROWS	Supported	85%	Oracle 12c+
OFFSET n ROWS	Supported	85%
ROWNUM	Supported	70%	See limitations

Hierarchical Query Features

Feature	Status	Coverage	Notes
CONNECT BY	Supported	75%
START WITH	Supported	80%
PRIOR	Supported	80%
LEVEL	Supported	80%
CONNECT_BY_ROOT	Supported	70%
SYS_CONNECT_BY_PATH	Supported	70%
CONNECT_BY_ISLEAF	Supported	65%
CONNECT_BY_ISCYCLE	Partial	50%
NOCYCLE	Supported	60%
ORDER SIBLINGS BY	Partial	45%

Advanced Query Features

Feature	Status	Coverage	Notes
PIVOT	Partial	45%	Static pivot
UNPIVOT	Partial	45%
MODEL clause	Not Supported	5%	Planned
MATCH_RECOGNIZE	Not Supported	0%
Flashback queries	Partial	30%	AS OF timestamp
SAMPLE clause	Partial	35%
XMLTABLE	Partial	25%
JSON_TABLE	Supported	55%
Lateral inline views	Partial	40%
CROSS APPLY	Partial	35%
OUTER APPLY	Partial	35%

---

PL/SQL Support

Language Constructs

Construct	Status	Coverage	Notes
Anonymous blocks	Supported	65%	DECLARE/BEGIN/END
Variables	Supported	70%	Most scalar types
Constants	Supported	75%
%TYPE	Supported	60%
%ROWTYPE	Supported	55%
IF-THEN-ELSE	Supported	80%
CASE statement	Supported	75%	Simple and searched
Simple LOOP	Supported	75%
WHILE LOOP	Supported	75%
FOR LOOP	Supported	70%	Numeric ranges
Cursor FOR LOOP	Supported	60%
EXIT/EXIT WHEN	Supported	80%
CONTINUE	Supported	75%
GOTO	Partial	40%	Limited support
NULL statement	Supported	90%
RETURN	Supported	75%
Nested blocks	Supported	65%
Labels	Partial	50%

Procedures and Functions

Feature	Status	Coverage	Notes
CREATE PROCEDURE	Supported	55%
CREATE FUNCTION	Supported	55%
CREATE OR REPLACE	Supported	55%
IN parameters	Supported	75%
OUT parameters	Supported	60%
IN OUT parameters	Partial	50%
DEFAULT values	Supported	60%
NOCOPY hint	Ignored	0%	Syntax accepted
DETERMINISTIC	Partial	30%	Hint only
RESULT_CACHE	Not Supported	0%
AUTHID CURRENT_USER	Partial	25%
AUTHID DEFINER	Partial	30%
Named notation	Supported	60%
Positional notation	Supported	80%
Mixed notation	Partial	45%

Packages

Feature	Status	Coverage	Notes
Package specification	Partial	35%
Package body	Partial	30%
Package variables	Partial	25%	Session state limited
Package constants	Partial	35%
Package types	Partial	20%
Package cursors	Partial	25%
Package initialization	Partial	20%
Overloading	Partial	25%
PRAGMA SERIALLY_REUSABLE	Not Supported	0%
Package state	Limited	15%	Per-session state

Cursors

Feature	Status	Coverage	Notes
Explicit cursors	Supported	60%
OPEN	Supported	65%
FETCH	Supported	65%
CLOSE	Supported	70%
%FOUND	Supported	65%
%NOTFOUND	Supported	65%
%ROWCOUNT	Supported	60%
%ISOPEN	Supported	60%
Cursor parameters	Partial	45%
REF CURSOR	Partial	35%	Weak cursors
SYS_REFCURSOR	Partial	35%
Cursor variables	Partial	30%
Cursor expressions	Partial	25%
Implicit cursors	Supported	55%	SQL%* attributes

Exception Handling

Feature	Status	Coverage	Notes
EXCEPTION block	Supported	65%
WHEN…THEN	Supported	70%
WHEN OTHERS	Supported	70%
NO_DATA_FOUND	Supported	75%
TOO_MANY_ROWS	Supported	70%
DUP_VAL_ON_INDEX	Supported	65%
INVALID_CURSOR	Supported	60%
CURSOR_ALREADY_OPEN	Supported	60%
VALUE_ERROR	Supported	65%
ZERO_DIVIDE	Supported	70%
INVALID_NUMBER	Supported	60%
LOGIN_DENIED	Partial	40%
PROGRAM_ERROR	Partial	45%
SQLCODE	Supported	65%
SQLERRM	Supported	65%
RAISE	Supported	60%
RAISE_APPLICATION_ERROR	Supported	55%
User-defined exceptions	Supported	55%
EXCEPTION_INIT	Partial	40%

Bulk Operations

Feature	Status	Coverage	Notes
BULK COLLECT	Partial	40%	Simple cases
BULK COLLECT LIMIT	Partial	35%
FORALL	Partial	35%
FORALL INDICES OF	Partial	25%
FORALL VALUES OF	Partial	25%
SAVE EXCEPTIONS	Partial	20%
SQL%BULK_EXCEPTIONS	Partial	20%
SQL%BULK_ROWCOUNT	Partial	25%

Collections

Feature	Status	Coverage	Notes
Nested tables	Partial	35%
VARRAYs	Partial	30%
Associative arrays	Partial	40%
INDEX BY PLS_INTEGER	Supported	45%
INDEX BY VARCHAR2	Partial	30%
Collection methods	Partial	35%	COUNT, FIRST, LAST
EXISTS	Partial	40%
COUNT	Partial	45%
FIRST/LAST	Partial	40%
NEXT/PRIOR	Partial	35%
EXTEND	Partial	30%
TRIM	Partial	25%
DELETE	Partial	30%
Nested table operators	Not Supported	5%

Triggers

Feature	Status	Coverage	Notes
BEFORE INSERT	Supported	55%
AFTER INSERT	Supported	55%
BEFORE UPDATE	Supported	55%
AFTER UPDATE	Supported	55%
BEFORE DELETE	Supported	55%
AFTER DELETE	Supported	55%
FOR EACH ROW	Supported	55%
Statement-level	Partial	40%
:NEW/:OLD	Supported	55%
WHEN clause	Partial	40%
INSTEAD OF	Partial	30%	Views only
COMPOUND triggers	Not Supported	5%
System triggers	Not Supported	0%
DDL triggers	Not Supported	0%

Advanced PL/SQL

Feature	Status	Coverage	Notes
Autonomous transactions	Not Supported	0%	Planned
Pipelined functions	Not Supported	5%
Parallel enable	Not Supported	0%
PRAGMA RESTRICT_REFERENCES	Ignored	0%
PRAGMA INLINE	Ignored	0%
Native compilation	Not Supported	0%
Conditional compilation	Partial	20%
Object types in PL/SQL	Partial	15%
Dynamic SQL (EXECUTE IMMEDIATE)	Partial	40%
DBMS_SQL	Partial	35%	See package section

---

DBMS Packages

DBMS_OUTPUT

Function/Procedure	Status	Notes
PUT_LINE	Supported	Full
PUT	Supported	Full
NEW_LINE	Supported	Full
GET_LINE	Supported
GET_LINES	Partial
ENABLE	Supported
DISABLE	Supported

DBMS_LOB

Function/Procedure	Status	Notes
GETLENGTH	Supported
SUBSTR	Supported
INSTR	Supported
APPEND	Supported
COPY	Partial
ERASE	Partial
TRIM	Partial
WRITE	Partial
READ	Partial
COMPARE	Partial
CREATETEMPORARY	Partial
FREETEMPORARY	Partial
ISTEMPORARY	Partial
LOADFROMFILE	Not Supported
LOADBLOBFROMFILE	Not Supported
LOADCLOBFROMFILE	Not Supported
CONVERTTOBLOB	Partial
CONVERTTOCLOB	Partial

DBMS_SQL

Function/Procedure	Status	Notes
OPEN_CURSOR	Supported
PARSE	Supported
BIND_VARIABLE	Partial	Scalar types
BIND_ARRAY	Not Supported
DEFINE_COLUMN	Partial
EXECUTE	Supported
EXECUTE_AND_FETCH	Partial
FETCH_ROWS	Partial
COLUMN_VALUE	Partial
VARIABLE_VALUE	Partial
CLOSE_CURSOR	Supported
IS_OPEN	Supported
LAST_ROW_COUNT	Partial
LAST_ERROR_POSITION	Partial
DESCRIBE_COLUMNS	Not Supported
DESCRIBE_COLUMNS2	Not Supported
TO_REFCURSOR	Not Supported
TO_CURSOR_NUMBER	Not Supported

DBMS_UTILITY

Function/Procedure	Status	Notes
FORMAT_ERROR_BACKTRACE	Supported
FORMAT_ERROR_STACK	Supported
FORMAT_CALL_STACK	Partial
GET_TIME	Supported	Centiseconds
GET_CPU_TIME	Partial
COMMA_TO_TABLE	Supported
TABLE_TO_COMMA	Supported
NAME_RESOLVE	Partial
NAME_TOKENIZE	Partial
DB_VERSION	Partial
CURRENT_INSTANCE	Partial
EXEC_DDL_STATEMENT	Partial
COMPILE_SCHEMA	Not Supported
ANALYZE_SCHEMA	Not Supported

DBMS_METADATA

Function/Procedure	Status	Notes
GET_DDL	Partial	Tables, indexes
GET_DEPENDENT_DDL	Partial
SET_TRANSFORM_PARAM	Partial
OPEN	Partial
SET_FILTER	Partial
SET_COUNT	Partial
FETCH_DDL	Partial
CLOSE	Partial

DBMS_SCHEDULER

Function/Procedure	Status	Notes
CREATE_JOB	Partial	Basic jobs
DROP_JOB	Supported
ENABLE	Supported
DISABLE	Supported
RUN_JOB	Supported
STOP_JOB	Supported
CREATE_SCHEDULE	Partial
DROP_SCHEDULE	Partial
CREATE_PROGRAM	Partial
DROP_PROGRAM	Partial
CREATE_CHAIN	Not Supported
CREATE_WINDOW	Not Supported
SET_ATTRIBUTE	Partial

DBMS_STATS

Function/Procedure	Status	Notes
GATHER_TABLE_STATS	Partial	Basic statistics
GATHER_INDEX_STATS	Partial
GATHER_SCHEMA_STATS	Partial
GATHER_DATABASE_STATS	Not Supported
DELETE_TABLE_STATS	Partial
DELETE_INDEX_STATS	Partial
SET_TABLE_STATS	Partial
GET_TABLE_STATS	Partial
CREATE_STAT_TABLE	Not Supported
EXPORT_TABLE_STATS	Not Supported
IMPORT_TABLE_STATS	Not Supported

UTL_FILE

Function/Procedure	Status	Notes
FOPEN	Partial	Limited modes
FCLOSE	Supported
FCLOSE_ALL	Supported
GET_LINE	Supported
PUT	Supported
PUT_LINE	Supported
NEW_LINE	Supported
FFLUSH	Supported
FSEEK	Not Supported
FGETPOS	Not Supported
IS_OPEN	Partial
FCOPY	Not Supported
FGETATTR	Not Supported
FREMOVE	Partial
FRENAME	Partial

DBMS_RANDOM

Function/Procedure	Status	Notes
INITIALIZE	Supported
SEED	Partial
RANDOM	Partial
VALUE	Supported
VALUE (range)	Supported
STRING	Supported
NORMAL	Partial
TERMINATE	Supported

Other Packages

Package	Status	Coverage	Notes
DBMS_SESSION	Partial	20%	SET_IDENTIFIER only
DBMS_APPLICATION_INFO	Partial	40%	SET_MODULE, SET_ACTION
DBMS_CRYPTO	Partial	15%	Basic encryption
DBMS_LOCK	Not Supported	0%
DBMS_PIPE	Not Supported	0%
DBMS_ALERT	Not Supported	0%
DBMS_AQ	Not Supported	0%
DBMS_AQADM	Not Supported	0%
DBMS_JOB	Deprecated	10%	Use DBMS_SCHEDULER
DBMS_PARALLEL_EXECUTE	Not Supported	0%
DBMS_FLASHBACK	Not Supported	0%	Use MVCC
DBMS_REDEFINITION	Not Supported	0%
DBMS_XA	Not Supported	0%
UTL_HTTP	Not Supported	0%
UTL_SMTP	Not Supported	0%
UTL_TCP	Not Supported	0%
UTL_RAW	Partial	30%
UTL_ENCODE	Partial	25%

---

Data Types

Scalar Data Types

Type	Status	Coverage	Notes
NUMBER	Supported	90%	Full precision
NUMBER(p)	Supported	90%
NUMBER(p,s)	Supported	90%
INTEGER	Supported	90%	Maps to NUMBER(38)
SMALLINT	Supported	90%
DECIMAL	Supported	85%
FLOAT	Supported	85%
BINARY_FLOAT	Supported	80%	IEEE 754
BINARY_DOUBLE	Supported	80%	IEEE 754
VARCHAR2(n)	Supported	90%	Up to 32767
NVARCHAR2(n)	Supported	80%	Unicode
CHAR(n)	Supported	85%	Fixed length
NCHAR(n)	Supported	80%	Unicode
CLOB	Supported	65%
NCLOB	Supported	60%	Unicode
BLOB	Supported	65%
BFILE	Partial	20%	Read-only
RAW(n)	Supported	70%
LONG	Supported	50%	Deprecated
LONG RAW	Supported	45%	Deprecated
DATE	Supported	85%
TIMESTAMP	Supported	85%
TIMESTAMP WITH TIME ZONE	Supported	80%
TIMESTAMP WITH LOCAL TIME ZONE	Partial	60%
INTERVAL YEAR TO MONTH	Supported	70%
INTERVAL DAY TO SECOND	Supported	70%
ROWID	Supported	60%	Different format
UROWID	Partial	40%
BOOLEAN (PL/SQL)	Supported	75%
PLS_INTEGER	Supported	75%
BINARY_INTEGER	Supported	75%
SIMPLE_INTEGER	Partial	50%
SIMPLE_FLOAT	Partial	50%
SIMPLE_DOUBLE	Partial	50%

Complex Types

Type	Status	Coverage	Notes
Object types	Partial	15%	Simple structures
Nested tables	Partial	30%
VARRAYs	Partial	30%
REF types	Not Supported	0%
Opaque types	Not Supported	0%

XML Types

Type	Status	Coverage	Notes
XMLType	Partial	25%	Basic operations
createXML	Partial	30%
extract	Partial	35%	XPath
extractValue	Partial	30%
existsNode	Partial	30%
XMLQuery	Partial	25%
XMLTable	Partial	25%
XMLELEMENT	Partial	25%
XMLFOREST	Partial	20%
XMLAGG	Partial	25%

JSON Types

Type	Status	Coverage	Notes
JSON	Supported	60%	Native JSON type
JSON_VALUE	Supported	65%
JSON_QUERY	Supported	60%
JSON_TABLE	Supported	55%
JSON_EXISTS	Supported	60%
JSON_OBJECT	Supported	60%
JSON_ARRAY	Supported	60%
JSON_OBJECTAGG	Supported	55%
JSON_ARRAYAGG	Supported	55%
IS JSON	Supported	65%
JSON_SERIALIZE	Partial	45%
JSON_MERGEPATCH	Partial	35%
JSON_TRANSFORM	Not Supported	10%

---

Built-in Functions

String Functions

Function	Status	Oracle Behavior Preserved
CONCAT	Supported	Yes
SUBSTR	Supported	Yes (negative position)
LENGTH	Supported	Yes
INSTR	Supported	Yes (nth occurrence)
UPPER	Supported	Yes
LOWER	Supported	Yes
INITCAP	Supported	Yes
LPAD	Supported	Yes
RPAD	Supported	Yes
LTRIM	Supported	Yes (trim set)
RTRIM	Supported	Yes (trim set)
TRIM	Supported	Yes
REPLACE	Supported	Yes
TRANSLATE	Supported	Yes
REVERSE	Supported	Yes
ASCII	Supported	Yes
CHR	Supported	Yes
SOUNDEX	Partial	Approximate
REGEXP_LIKE	Supported	Most patterns
REGEXP_REPLACE	Supported	Most patterns
REGEXP_SUBSTR	Supported	Most patterns
REGEXP_INSTR	Partial	Basic patterns
REGEXP_COUNT	Partial	Basic patterns
NVL	Supported	Yes
NVL2	Supported	Yes
DECODE	Supported	Yes
COALESCE	Supported	Yes
NULLIF	Supported	Yes
LNNVL	Partial
NANVL	Partial

Numeric Functions

Function	Status	Notes
ABS	Supported
CEIL	Supported
FLOOR	Supported
ROUND	Supported
TRUNC	Supported
MOD	Supported
POWER	Supported
SQRT	Supported
EXP	Supported
LN	Supported
LOG	Supported
SIGN	Supported
SIN, COS, TAN	Supported
ASIN, ACOS, ATAN	Supported
SINH, COSH, TANH	Supported
GREATEST	Supported	NULL propagation
LEAST	Supported	NULL propagation
WIDTH_BUCKET	Partial
REMAINDER	Supported
BITAND	Supported

Date/Time Functions

Function	Status	Notes
SYSDATE	Supported
SYSTIMESTAMP	Supported
CURRENT_DATE	Supported	Session TZ
CURRENT_TIMESTAMP	Supported	Session TZ
LOCALTIMESTAMP	Supported
DBTIMEZONE	Partial
SESSIONTIMEZONE	Supported
ADD_MONTHS	Supported	Month-end handling
MONTHS_BETWEEN	Supported	Fractional
LAST_DAY	Supported
NEXT_DAY	Supported
ROUND (date)	Supported	Format models
TRUNC (date)	Supported	Format models
EXTRACT	Supported
TO_DATE	Supported	Format models
TO_CHAR	Supported	Format models
TO_TIMESTAMP	Supported
TO_TIMESTAMP_TZ	Partial
TO_DSINTERVAL	Partial
TO_YMINTERVAL	Partial
FROM_TZ	Partial
NEW_TIME	Partial
TZ_OFFSET	Partial

Aggregate Functions

Function	Status	Notes
COUNT	Supported	Including DISTINCT
SUM	Supported
AVG	Supported
MIN	Supported
MAX	Supported
LISTAGG	Supported
MEDIAN	Partial
PERCENTILE_CONT	Partial
PERCENTILE_DISC	Partial
STDDEV	Supported
STDDEV_POP	Supported
STDDEV_SAMP	Supported
VARIANCE	Supported
VAR_POP	Supported
VAR_SAMP	Supported
COVAR_POP	Partial
COVAR_SAMP	Partial
CORR	Partial
REGR_*	Partial	Basic regression
STATS_*	Not Supported
COLLECT	Partial
XMLAGG	Partial

Analytic Functions

Function	Status	Notes
ROW_NUMBER	Supported
RANK	Supported
DENSE_RANK	Supported
NTILE	Supported
LAG	Supported
LEAD	Supported
FIRST_VALUE	Supported
LAST_VALUE	Supported
NTH_VALUE	Partial
CUME_DIST	Partial
PERCENT_RANK	Partial
RATIO_TO_REPORT	Partial
FIRST/LAST	Partial
KEEP	Partial	FIRST/LAST only
OVER clause	Supported
PARTITION BY	Supported
ORDER BY	Supported
ROWS/RANGE	Supported
UNBOUNDED	Supported
CURRENT ROW	Supported

Conversion Functions

Function	Status	Notes
TO_CHAR	Supported	Most formats
TO_NUMBER	Supported
TO_DATE	Supported	Most formats
TO_TIMESTAMP	Supported
TO_CLOB	Partial
TO_BLOB	Partial
TO_LOB	Partial
CAST	Supported	Most conversions
CONVERT	Partial	Character sets
HEXTORAW	Supported
RAWTOHEX	Supported
ROWIDTOCHAR	Partial
CHARTOROWID	Partial

---

Advanced Features

Flashback Support

Feature	Status	Notes
AS OF TIMESTAMP	Partial	Uses MVCC
AS OF SCN	Not Supported
VERSIONS BETWEEN	Not Supported
Flashback Table	Not Supported
Flashback Drop	Not Supported
Flashback Database	Not Supported

Partitioning

Feature	Status	Notes
Range partitioning	Partial	Basic
List partitioning	Partial	Basic
Hash partitioning	Partial	Basic
Composite partitioning	Not Supported
Interval partitioning	Not Supported
Reference partitioning	Not Supported
Partition pruning	Partial

Advanced Security

Feature	Status	Notes
Virtual Private Database	Not Supported
Label Security	Not Supported
Transparent Data Encryption	Not Supported	Use HeliosDB encryption
Data Masking	Not Supported
Database Vault	Not Supported
Audit Vault	Not Supported

---

Known Limitations

Not Supported Features

Feature	Alternative
Oracle RAC	HeliosDB native clustering
Data Guard	HeliosDB replication
ASM	Standard filesystem storage
Streams/GoldenGate	HeliosDB CDC
Oracle Spatial (SDO_*)	Not available
Oracle Text	HeliosDB full-text search
Java stored procedures	Use PL/SQL or external
APEX	Web UI alternatives
Oracle Forms	Web UI alternatives

SQL Limitations

1. ROWNUM: Works in simple cases but complex ROWNUM usage may behave differently
2. MODEL clause: Not supported; use application logic
3. MATCH_RECOGNIZE: Pattern matching not available
4. CONNECT BY: Limited to 1000 levels by default
5. Recursive CTEs: Basic recursion only

PL/SQL Limitations

1. Autonomous transactions: Not supported
2. Pipelined functions: Not supported
3. Package state: Limited session state management
4. Native compilation: Interpreted only
5. Complex object types: Basic structures only

---

Behavioral Differences

NULL Handling

• Oracle empty strings are treated as NULL; HeliosDB distinguishes empty strings from NULL
• Use NVL() or COALESCE() for consistent behavior

ROWID Format

• HeliosDB uses a different internal ROWID format
• ROWID values are not portable between systems

Sequence Behavior

• Caching behavior may differ slightly
• CURRVAL requires NEXTVAL to be called first in the same session

Transaction Isolation

• Uses HeliosDB’s MVCC implementation
• Snapshot isolation is the default

Date Arithmetic

• Oracle allows direct date + number operations
• Some edge cases with month-end dates may differ

---

Related Documentation

• README.md - Protocol overview
• CONFIGURATION.md - Server configuration
• EXAMPLES.md - Working examples
• PLSQL_SUPPORT.md - PL/SQL details

---

Last Updated: January 2026 Compatibility Version: HeliosDB 7.0+ / Oracle 23ai